\begin{equation}
\DeclareMathOperator\Gr{Gr}
\DeclareMathOperator\LGr{LGr}
\DeclareMathOperator\OGr{OGr}
\DeclareMathOperator\SGr{SGr}
\DeclareMathOperator\Kzero{K_0}
\DeclareMathOperator\index{i}
\DeclareMathOperator\rk{rk}
\end{equation}
Projective duality
Dual varieties for Grassmannians of rank at most 8, embedded by the ample generator of $\operatorname{Pic}(X)$.
Self-dual means $X\cong X^\vee$ projectively; a dash denotes an empty dual.
Types:
A B C D E F G
Find a Grassmannian
Type A
$G/P$
Grassmannian
$N$
codimension
degree
self-dual
dual variety
A1 /P1
ℙ1
1
—
—
no
empty
A2 /P1
ℙ2
2
—
—
no
empty
A2 /P2
ℙ2,∨
2
—
—
no
empty
A3 /P1
ℙ3
3
—
—
no
empty
A3 /P2
Gr(2,4)
5
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
A3 /P3
ℙ3,∨
3
—
—
no
empty
A4 /P1
ℙ4
4
—
—
no
empty
A4 /P2
Gr(2,5)
9
3
5
yes
skew forms of rank at most 2
A4 /P3
Gr(3,5)
9
3
5
yes
skew forms of rank at most 2
A4 /P4
ℙ4,∨
4
—
—
no
empty
A5 /P1
ℙ5
5
—
—
no
empty
A5 /P2
Gr(2,6)
14
1
3
no
skew forms of rank at most 4
A5 /P3
Gr(3,6)
19
1
4
no
$\mathrm{SL}_6$-invariant quartic [Landsberg–Manivel, Propositions 5.4, 5.5 and 5.8 (arXiv version)]
A5 /P4
Gr(4,6)
14
1
3
no
skew forms of rank at most 4
A5 /P5
ℙ5,∨
5
—
—
no
empty
A6 /P1
ℙ6
6
—
—
no
empty
A6 /P2
Gr(2,7)
20
3
14
no
skew forms of rank at most 4
A6 /P3
Gr(3,7)
34
1
7
no
hypersurface
A6 /P4
Gr(4,7)
34
1
7
no
hypersurface
A6 /P5
Gr(5,7)
20
3
14
no
skew forms of rank at most 4
A6 /P6
ℙ6,∨
6
—
—
no
empty
A7 /P1
ℙ7
7
—
—
no
empty
A7 /P2
Gr(2,8)
27
1
4
no
skew forms of rank at most 6
A7 /P3
Gr(3,8)
55
1
16
no
hypersurface
A7 /P4
Gr(4,8)
69
1
126
no
hypersurface
A7 /P5
Gr(5,8)
55
1
16
no
hypersurface
A7 /P6
Gr(6,8)
27
1
4
no
skew forms of rank at most 6
A7 /P7
ℙ7,∨
7
—
—
no
empty
A8 /P1
ℙ8
8
—
—
no
empty
A8 /P2
Gr(2,9)
35
3
30
no
skew forms of rank at most 6
A8 /P3
Gr(3,9)
83
1
120
no
hypersurface
A8 /P4
Gr(4,9)
125
1
2943
no
hypersurface
A8 /P5
Gr(5,9)
125
1
2943
no
hypersurface
A8 /P6
Gr(6,9)
83
1
120
no
hypersurface
A8 /P7
Gr(7,9)
35
3
30
no
skew forms of rank at most 6
A8 /P8
ℙ8,∨
8
—
—
no
empty
Type B
$G/P$
Grassmannian
$N$
codimension
degree
self-dual
dual variety
B2 /P1
Q3
4
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B2 /P2
ℙ3
3
—
—
no
empty
B3 /P1
Q5
6
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B3 /P2
OGr(2,7)
20
1
12
no
hypersurface
B3 /P3
OGr(3,7)
7
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B4 /P1
Q7
8
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B4 /P2
OGr(2,9)
35
1
24
no
hypersurface
B4 /P3
OGr(3,9)
83
1
1784
no
hypersurface
B4 /P4
OGr(4,9)
15
5
12
yes
spinor tenfold
B5 /P1
Q9
10
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B5 /P2
OGr(2,11)
54
1
40
no
hypersurface
B5 /P3
OGr(3,11)
164
1
69648
no
hypersurface
B5 /P4
OGr(4,11)
329
1
2963024
no
hypersurface
B5 /P5
OGr(5,11)
31
1
4
no
$\mathrm{Spin}_{12}$-invariant quartic [Landsberg–Manivel, Propositions 5.4, 5.5 and 5.8 (arXiv version)]
B6 /P1
Q11
12
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B6 /P2
OGr(2,13)
77
1
60
no
hypersurface
B6 /P3
OGr(3,13)
285
1
2934448
no
hypersurface
B6 /P4
OGr(4,13)
714
1
5154118672
no
hypersurface
B6 /P5
OGr(5,13)
1286
1
63611129376
no
hypersurface
B6 /P6
OGr(6,13)
63
1
8
no
hypersurface
B7 /P1
Q13
14
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B7 /P2
OGr(2,15)
104
1
84
no
hypersurface
B7 /P3
OGr(3,15)
454
1
130587832
no
hypersurface
B7 /P4
OGr(4,15)
1364
1
11235478324656
no
hypersurface
B7 /P5
OGr(5,15)
3002
1
7552621700857824
no
hypersurface
B7 /P6
OGr(6,15)
5004
1
19770165651897536
no
hypersurface
B7 /P7
OGr(7,15)
127
1
240
no
hypersurface
B8 /P1
Q15
16
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
B8 /P2
OGr(2,17)
135
1
112
no
hypersurface
B8 /P3
OGr(3,17)
679
1
6061274392
no
hypersurface
B8 /P4
OGr(4,17)
2379
1
28774013606441248
no
hypersurface
B8 /P5
OGr(5,17)
6187
1
1281301795504180907680
no
hypersurface
B8 /P6
OGr(6,17)
12375
1
230156590608558107690240
no
hypersurface
B8 /P7
OGr(7,17)
19447
1
99683736325883817424768
no
hypersurface
B8 /P8
OGr(8,17)
255
1
136944
no
hypersurface
Type C
$G/P$
Grassmannian
$N$
codimension
degree
self-dual
dual variety
C2 /P1
ℙ3
3
—
—
no
empty
C2 /P2
Q3
4
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
C3 /P1
ℙ5
5
—
—
no
empty
C3 /P2
SGr(2,6)
13
1
6
no
hypersurface
C3 /P3
LGr(3,6)
13
1
4
no
$\mathrm{Sp}_6$-invariant quartic [Landsberg–Manivel, Propositions 5.4, 5.5 and 5.8 (arXiv version)]
C4 /P1
ℙ7
7
—
—
no
empty
C4 /P2
SGr(2,8)
26
1
12
no
hypersurface
C4 /P3
SGr(3,8)
47
1
80
no
hypersurface
C4 /P4
LGr(4,8)
41
1
72
no
hypersurface
C5 /P1
ℙ9
9
—
—
no
empty
C5 /P2
SGr(2,10)
43
1
20
no
hypersurface
C5 /P3
SGr(3,10)
109
1
2624
no
hypersurface
C5 /P4
SGr(4,10)
164
1
69516
no
hypersurface
C5 /P5
LGr(5,10)
131
1
11392
no
hypersurface
C6 /P1
ℙ11
11
—
—
no
empty
C6 /P2
SGr(2,12)
64
1
30
no
hypersurface
C6 /P3
SGr(3,12)
207
1
102720
no
hypersurface
C6 /P4
SGr(4,12)
428
1
109701288
no
hypersurface
C6 /P5
SGr(5,12)
571
1
743399472
no
hypersurface
C6 /P6
LGr(6,12)
428
1
20068592
no
hypersurface
C7 /P1
ℙ13
13
—
—
no
empty
C7 /P2
SGr(2,14)
89
1
42
no
hypersurface
C7 /P3
SGr(3,14)
349
1
4279708
no
hypersurface
C7 /P4
SGr(4,14)
909
1
223055358936
no
hypersurface
C7 /P5
SGr(5,14)
1637
1
82526590589760
no
hypersurface
C7 /P6
SGr(6,14)
2001
1
115575445521680
no
hypersurface
C7 /P7
LGr(7,14)
1429
1
406247717856
no
hypersurface
C8 /P1
ℙ15
15
—
—
no
empty
C8 /P2
SGr(2,16)
118
1
56
no
hypersurface
C8 /P3
SGr(3,16)
543
1
188032096
no
hypersurface
C8 /P4
SGr(4,16)
1699
1
541692323503856
no
hypersurface
C8 /P5
SGr(5,16)
3807
1
13312616924944983680
no
hypersurface
C8 /P6
SGr(6,16)
6187
1
1278745496024858061056
no
hypersurface
C8 /P7
SGr(7,16)
7071
1
291172031559307003648
no
hypersurface
C8 /P8
LGr(8,16)
4861
1
109936846919231104
no
hypersurface
Type D
$G/P$
Grassmannian
$N$
codimension
degree
self-dual
dual variety
D3 /P1
Q4
5
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D3 /P2
ℙ3
3
—
—
no
empty
D3 /P3
ℙ3
3
—
—
no
empty
D4 /P1
Q6
7
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D4 /P2
OGr(2,8)
27
1
24
no
hypersurface
D4 /P3
Q6
7
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D4 /P4
Q6
7
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D5 /P1
Q8
9
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D5 /P2
OGr(2,10)
44
1
40
no
hypersurface
D5 /P3
OGr(3,10)
119
1
11008
no
hypersurface
D5 /P4
OGr+ (5,10)
15
5
12
yes
spinor tenfold
D5 /P5
OGr+ (5,10)
15
5
12
yes
spinor tenfold
D6 /P1
Q10
11
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D6 /P2
OGr(2,12)
65
1
60
no
hypersurface
D6 /P3
OGr(3,12)
219
1
448368
no
hypersurface
D6 /P4
OGr(4,12)
494
1
119506832
no
hypersurface
D6 /P5
OGr+ (6,12)
31
1
4
no
$\mathrm{Spin}_{12}$-invariant quartic [Landsberg–Manivel, Propositions 5.4, 5.5 and 5.8 (arXiv version)]
D6 /P6
OGr+ (6,12)
31
1
4
no
$\mathrm{Spin}_{12}$-invariant quartic [Landsberg–Manivel, Propositions 5.4, 5.5 and 5.8 (arXiv version)]
D7 /P1
Q12
13
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D7 /P2
OGr(2,14)
90
1
84
no
hypersurface
D7 /P3
OGr(3,14)
363
1
19458792
no
hypersurface
D7 /P4
OGr(4,14)
1000
1
235061814128
no
hypersurface
D7 /P5
OGr(5,14)
2001
1
20793259313248
no
hypersurface
D7 /P6
OGr+ (7,14)
63
1
8
no
hypersurface
D7 /P7
OGr+ (7,14)
63
1
8
no
hypersurface
D8 /P1
Q14
15
1
2
yes
smooth quadric
D8 /P2
OGr(2,16)
119
1
112
no
hypersurface
D8 /P3
OGr(3,16)
559
1
885564728
no
hypersurface
D8 /P4
OGr(4,16)
1819
1
558906734704672
no
hypersurface
D8 /P5
OGr(5,16)
4367
1
2996624140711989152
no
hypersurface
D8 /P6
OGr(6,16)
8007
1
63023958785273046272
no
hypersurface
D8 /P7
OGr+ (8,16)
127
1
240
no
hypersurface
D8 /P8
OGr+ (8,16)
127
1
240
no
hypersurface
Type F
$G/P$
Grassmannian
$N$
codimension
degree
self-dual
dual variety
F4 /P1
F4 /P1
51
1
24
no
hypersurface
F4 /P2
F4 /P2
1273
1
9917015136
no
hypersurface
F4 /P3
F4 /P3
272
1
2561604
no
hypersurface
F4 /P4
F4 /P4
25
1
6
no
hypersurface
No matching Grassmannians.
Dual defect
A general tangent hyperplane is tangent along $\mathbb P^\delta$, where $\delta=\operatorname{codim}(X^\vee)-1$.
The defective cases with nonempty dual are $\Gr(2,2m+1)$ for $m\geq2$ ($\delta=2$) and the spinor tenfold ($\delta=4$).
The self-dual cases are quadrics, $\Gr(2,5)$ and the spinor tenfold.
[Tevelev, Theorems 1.12, 9.19 and 10.22; Examples 2.20–2.21 (arXiv version)]
Degrees
Computed with Oscar's IntersectionTheory from the first jet bundle:
\begin{equation}
\deg X^\vee=\int_X c_{d-\delta}\bigl(J_1(\mathcal O_X(1))\bigr)H^\delta,
\qquad d=\dim X,\quad H=c_1(\mathcal O_X(1)).
\end{equation}
[Tevelev, Theorems 7.1–7.2 (arXiv version)]
References
J. M. Landsberg; L. Manivel .
The projective geometry of Freudenthal's magic square .
J. Algebra 239 (2001), 477–512 .
arXiv:math/9908039 .
Evgueni Tevelev .
Projective Duality and Homogeneous Spaces .
Encyclopaedia of Mathematical Sciences 133, Springer (2005) .
arXiv:math/0112028 .
Kuznetsov, A. G .
Hyperplane sections and derived categories .
Izv. Math. 70 (2006), 447–547 .
MR2238172 .